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Baker Island BAKER ISLAND Baker Islandlies 34 miles south and 10 miles east of Howland, a shore to shore distance of 36 miles;and like Howland, about 1650 miles southwest of Honolulu. It is 13 miles north of theequator. All distances are sea miles. WELCOME EVERYBODY DOMAINS www.janeresture.com www.janesoceania.com www.pacificislandsradio.com Thank you so much for visiting the above three Domains. I am very pleased to be able to share with you that further limited advertising on our Baker Island Home Page, along with other Web Pages within the above three Domains, are now available. Potential advertisers are cordially invited to choose from several thousand Web sites available for placement of your important advertisements. I would like to sincerely thank everybody for visiting and for your kind support. Best wishes and God's blessings to all. For further information, please contact me at: jane@janeresture.com or jane@pacificislandsradio.com  The islandmeasures about a mile east and west, by 1260 yards wide. All around it, but especially onthe west, the beach rises abruptly from the shore to a crest, 15 to 20 feet above sealevel, forming a barrier which keeps the pounding surf out of the central basin. The westbeach is sandy; that on the other three sides is largely composed of broken reef rock andsandstone shingle. A sandy point seems to be building out to the southwest, beyond thefringing reef.  Within thecrest is a basin, formerly containing a thick deposit of guano, most of which now has beenremoved. The surface is flat, except for some small mounds on the northeast, which areprobably piles of low-grade guano, as the former tram lines lead to them. The southwesternridge is cut in three places, where the tracks led through. On the east are two smalldepressions, just behind the beach, the larger of which generally contains some water.Meyerton, thepresent settlement, is located atop the western barrier ridge. It was named for CaptainH.A. Meyer, U.S.A. who helped establish the camps for the colonists in 1935. Here in guanodays were located several houses and four brick cisterns, into which rainwater was led.All have gone now, except one of the cisterns and part of one substantial house ofsandstone slabs. Bricks and slabs were used in building the lighthouse. "King-Doyle Park," Baker Island, 1938Baker Islandboasts of 16 species of plants, besides the ironwood trees, coconuts, and other speciesset out by the colonists. Five are obviously weeds which arrived with the guano diggers(two grasses, two spurge herbs, and a morning-glory vine), as they grow only near the formerhouse sites. Lepturus bunchgrass grows best on the barrier ridge; another grass (Digitaria)and a low sedge are on the flat within; Boerhaavia, two kinds of purslane,and a few Tribulus and Sida bushes form scattered patches; and there isan occasional Triumfetta plant on the beach slope.Bird life, inrecent years, has been much less abundant on Baker than on other similar islands in theCentral Pacific, due perhaps to the presence of large voracious Norway rats, which feed onsmall birds and eggs. The principal birds there now are frigates, boobies, and themigratory species. Hermit crabs and two kinds of widespread lizards are abundant; andmarine life is a plentiful and varied.Baker is saidto have been discovered by Michael Baker, of New Bedford, who visited it in 1832 and againon August 14, 1839, in the whaler Gideon Howland, to bury an American seaman. Atthe time of the latter visit he raised the American flag and claimed possession of theisland. Later he sold his claim to the American Guano Company. But this wasnot the first discovery of the island. It was known as New Nantucket before 1821. Oneaccount states that this name was given to it by Captain Elisha Folger, of Nuntucket, whovisited it in the whaler Equator in 1818. In December, 1828, Daniel Mckenzievisited it in the American whaler Minerva Smyth. The ship Loper has beenthere in 1826, and Captain H. Forster, in the ship Jamaica, before that. It wasreported as Phoebe Island by Henry Foster, in the barque Sus in 1843. Lighthouse, camp and remains of the stone house, Baker Island, 1938Messers.Alfred G. Benson and Charles H. Judd, representing the American Guano Co., landed from theHawaiian schooner Liholiho, February 12, 1857, to assert the company's claim tothe island. The U.S.S. St. Marys (Commander Charles H. Davis) landed, surveyedthe island, and took official possession in the name of the United States, in August 1857.They reported that ten whalers had touched at the island between June 21 and August 16,1857. So frequently did whalers visit Baker during one period that it became the custom toleave messages and letters there, in a covered box, to be picked up and delivered.J.D. Hagues,chemist with the American Guano Co., in a lengthy report on the phosphate islands callsBaker's guano deposits the finest he had seen. They were worked continuously by theAmerican Guano Co. from 1859 to 1878, many thousands of tons of guano having been dug,carted across to the landing on tram cars, and loaded with great difficulty through thepounding surf onto schooners and clipper ships, which were moored precariously to buoys onthe lee side. It is difficult to attempt to detail the activities, adventures and hardships of thisperiod; or to tell of the many shipwrecks, although a fairly complete history has beenpieced together from scattered accounts. John T.Arundel and Co., a British firm, made this island their headquarter for guano diggingenterprise in the central Pacific between 1886 and 1891. The Americancolonists were landed from the Itasca, April 3, 1935. They have built alighthouse, substantial dwellings, and have attempted to grow various plants. Onesad-looking clump of coconut palms was jokingly called "King-DoylePark," after two well-known citizens of Hawaii, who were on the Taneyin 1938. The clump was the best on the island, planted near a water seep. The dry climateand sea birds, eager for anything upon which to perch, do not give trees or shrub muchchance to get started.  If you enjoy theserenity and beauty islandlife offers, then you need to visit the island of Cozumel. From the privacy of a CozumelVilla you will get to relish in the wondrous beauty of theCaribbean Sea. A sea that is known for its spectacular scuba diving andsnorkeling spots along the coral reef. All of the CozumelVilla Rentals are located right along the water, so no matterwhere you stayyou will always be able to hear the sweet sound of waves crashing. Even the family sized CozumelCondos are located right on beautiful white sand beaches thatare just a few steps from the crystal clear water.  Jane's OceaniaHome Page Join Jane's Oceania Home Page Newsletter to get the latest news, information and Web site updates! Please enter your email address below then click the 'Join' button for your free Newsletter!  Join newsletter!   Pacific Islands Radio Stations   (E-mail: jane@janeresture.com -- Rev. 8th September2008)   |
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